Floor manager Kino Loy was good at his job. He kept his men in line. He helped the Empire maintain production quotas on Narkina 5. But something in Loy has shattered, and with the knowledge that there’s no hope of release other than escape, a plan is starting to form that will take Cassian and the rest of the inmates to the brink.
Here are five highlights from the latest episode of Andor….
Jailbreak! Cassian and the inmates are getting restless and the time to act is… now! Join us on the RFR ANDOR After Show as we discuss this explosive new episode. Plus, the RFR switchboard is open for your thoughts, theories and observations!
Brought to you by RFR on Patreon!
Official YouTube Video Home for Rebel Force Radio: Star Wars Podcast
Andor analyzed: 5 highlights from episode 9, “Nobody’s Listening!”
The fascism of the Empire is in full bloom.
As Andor continues with “Nobody’s Listening!” — a title pulled from powerful dialogue mid-episode — our heroes are suffering the full wrath of the Empire. A sobering installment that depicts the harsh realities of living under the Imperial regime, “Nobody’s Listening!” still, in the end, offers a glimmer of hope and rebellion. Here are five highlights….
Andor just can’t stop being awesome! I am loving the prison arc, and while this episode didn’t grab me quite as much as episode eight, it still surprised me with several character moments surrounding Kino, Dedra, Syril, Vel, and more. I cannot WAIT to see how it all ends next week!!
Cassian is in the clink on Narkina 5 while Luthen attempts to enlist help from a familiar face this week on ANDOR, episode 8! Join us for our After Show livestream tonight at 8 PM ET. Watch, listen, chat, comment and call in with your thoughts and observations.
Brought to you by RFR on Patreon!
Official YouTube Video Home for Rebel Force Radio: Star Wars Podcast
Tales of the Jedi and Andor Episode 8 at the same time, sooo much content so little time but for now we talk about the crazy world that this show just showed us.
Andor goes to prison! This episode was maybe my favorite of the series so far. That’s thanks to the excellent setup of the previous seven, to be fair, but seeing all of the characters and storylines starting to come together is very satisfying, all while the show continues to say a LOT about the prison system, corporations, capitalism, and more. I loved this one!
Toby Haynes returns to direct the latest episode of Andor, scripted by Beau Willimon, where the Empire continues to exercise its full power over the galaxy. It is the beginning of yet another three-episode arc after the deviation from that structure that episode 7 gave us last week, and once again, it feels as mostly set-up for what’s to come.
The seventh episode followed the traditional three-act structure, with a beginning, middle, and end, while Narkina 5 is very much the beginning. And yet, the overall cohesiveness of the episode was beautifully achieved, with Willimon still managing to include some set-ups that were later paid off in most of the subplots in the episode, and through masterful editing happening all around. And those cameos too!…
Cassian heads home as word of the Aldhani heist spreads across the galaxy. We’ll break it all down with you on the ANDOR After Show Livestream, tonight at 8 PM ET. Be sure to watch, listen chat, comment and call in with your thoughts and observations!
Andor episode seven, titled Announcement, is a setup episode for the next arc, but that didn’t make it any less interesting! We got to spend a LOT more time with Mon Mothma and the Imperial Security Bureau with a fun appearance from Wullf Yularen! I continue to love this series.
(Lordy, don’t say that, fans will be starting petitions to get them released!)
WhatCulture Star Wars is dedicated to all things Star Wars. We’ll have all the usual lists, features, and news, plus there’ll be Ups & Downs for all the latest shows and new Star Wars movies. The force is with us!
There’s no turning back now for Cassian and his crew on Aldhani. Season One of ANDOR is officially at the halfway point, and RFR is back with another After Show Livestream tonight at 8 p.m. ET. Watch, listen, chat, comment and call in with your thoughts and observations
Brought to you by RFR on Patreon!
Official YouTube Video Home for Rebel Force Radio: Star Wars Podcast
We have reached the end of the second arc of Andor with its sixth episode, The Eye. We’re also halfway through the first season! Here are my thoughts on this fantastic, action packed episode!
Cassian Andor’s new friends don’t know if they can trust him. And, are they all what they appear to be? Join us for our review and analysis of Episode 5, “The Axe Forgets,” plus your comments and calls on Rebel Force Radio’s ANDOR After Show!
The fifth episode of Andor wasn’t my favorite of the season so far, BUT it might be the one I think is the most well written. Even inside of a three episode arc, it feels self-contained, and thematically connected. I enjoyed Cassian’s journey to find trust within his new crew before their big mission takes place next week.
I was already into the first three episodes of Andor, but the fourth episode, Aldhani, has REALLY raised the stakes and brought in several scenes that I have been looking forward to watching when this series was described as a spy or political thriller. Mon Mothma’s scenes were FANTASTIC! So let’s talk all about the latest episode of the series. Full spoilers are ahead.
The Disney+ Original series kicks off with a tense first episode. Dan Brooks
The rebellion has begun! Andor is now streaming on Disney+, following the fan-favorite rebel in a tale set five years before the events of Rogue One: A Star Wars Story, and we’re watching. Join StarWars.com every week for Andor Analyzed, in which we list the best moments from each episode.
Spoiler warning: This article contains story details and plot points from the first episode of Andor, “Kassa.”
Cassian Andor’s journey — to rebellion, to becoming a selfless hero — has begun.
In the highly-anticipated series premiere of Andor, the titular character is not yet the man we meet in Rogue One: A Star Wars Story. This Andor fights for no cause. He acts alone. He burns bridges. But the seeds of who he’ll become are there. Here are five highlights from the grounded first episode of Andor….
Sheets of rain pour down from the gloomy skies, buffeting a city built on stilts over a churning ocean. A distant cry of an aiwha is drowned out by the angry hiss of a lightsaber and the shrieking reports of blaster fire as a knockdown, drag-out fight occurs between Obi-Wan Kenobi and Jango Fett.
The digital and miniature arts of Industrial Light & Magic extend the skies and landing platform, and the stunt work of Nick Gillard puts the players in motion. But to make the ceaseless wind and rain of this distant planet real, Episode II relied on Dave Young, Special Effects Supervisor on Attack of the Clones.
Though some use the term “special effects” as a catch-all for anything out of the ordinary in films, it does have a distinct definition separate from “visual effects.” In Episode II, visual effects are the domain of ILM. These are the effects that are put in after shooting — the miniature and digital creations. Young’s crew instead takes care of the effects that are on-stage, on-set, and captured by the camera as it happens. Also called practical effects, Young’s work involves wire-rigs to make characters fly, gimbal-mounted speeder props to simulate soaring and rocking motion in stationary vehicles, and things like rain, smoke and fire.
“We’ve had to do a lot of atmospherics,” describes Young. “We’ve had a lot of scenes with steaming, and that sort of stuff. We’ve done a lot of little fires and things.”
While visual effects have undergone a complete digital revolution in the past ten years, practical effects have also benefited from computer-controlled mechanics and planning. “I think practical effects will still have a role in films because with computer graphics, the actors don’t have anything to react to,” says Young. “I think practical effects will be around for a long time.”
Case in point, although ILM has mastered digital rain and water-spray effects, Young’s crew was still required to turn the inside of a studio into a tempest. “We had 32 rain-heads working indoors dropping seven-and-a-half tons of water a minute into Studio 1,” says Young. “Everything was on its own switch control, so we can turn everything off and on depending on what’s needed. We’re looking at 7,500 liters of water a minute.”
The fountainheads spray upwards, creating an umbrella of water that creates an even distribution of rain throughout the specially constructed set. “Amongst that, we had three large electric wind machines blowing the rain everywhere. Everything is kept off the ground, and completely contained. The electricity is all above us, and the rain-works are beneath that. There are circuit breakers on everything, because we operate on a 240-volt system that is more dangerous than the 110-volt system. ”
Such precautions are necessary since the safety of the crew and performers take precedent over all other concerns. Even the comfort of the stuntmen was a factor. “It did get cold, because it was the middle of winter in Australia [during the shoot.] The stuntmen were wearing wetsuits underneath the costumes.”
Before the complicated shoot, Young had little time to test the rain system to see how it would register on camera. “We tested for the quantity of rain that we wanted, and the size of the droplets. It’s important how much misting we get, because we could block out the bluescreens which are behind the rain. If our mist is too fine, then it will wash out the bluescreens,” says Young.
“It was a challenge sometimes. I hadn’t done a film that involved so much bluescreen before,” notes Young, a veteran of over 100 films including The Matrix and Mission: Impossible 2. “It’s a totally different kind of film. Often, from our perspective, it didn’t really change anything. We still have to do the effects, whatever they may call for. The only thing we had to watch that the atmospherics didn’t wipe out any of the bluescreens.”
Aside from the waterworks, Young and his crew helped animate stationary vehicle props through the use of articulated hydraulic gimbals. In addition to making Anakin’s hot rod speeder, Zam Wesell’s wickedly forked dragster and Owen Lars’ beat-up bike rock and sway appropriately, Young oversaw the creation of a number of bluescreen-skinned creature simulators.
“The animals are simulated,” explains Young. “They’re animals that John Knoll and Rob Coleman are going to lay over our blue stand-ins. We have scenes where Anakin is jumping onto an animal, and it takes off and bucks him off. We can do that on this machine. It does everything. The motions for that came from George Lucas. He told us exactly what he wanted.”
Two starwars.com writers defend their own chosen ones from the six-part Star Wars limited series now streaming on Disney+.
Kristen Bates and Neil Kleid
One of the great things about Star Wars is that it inspires endless debates and opinions on a wide array of topics. Best bounty hunter? Most powerful Jedi? Does Salacious Crumb have the best haircut in the saga? In that spirit, starwars.com presents From a Certain Point of View: a series of point-counterpoints on some of the biggest — and most fun — Star Wars issues.
Spoiler warning: This article discusses details and plot points from
Obi-Wan Kenobi.It’s the penultimate episode, Part V, says Neil.
For me, Star Wars has always been about the echoes of the past. That moment when the story reflects a moment that reminds us of another place, another person, a time in the saga dear to our hearts. The fifth episode of Obi-Wan Kenobi, while staying present in an anxious moment — Obi-Wan, Leia, and the Path refugees hunkered on Jabiim, trying to escape the approaching Empire — manages to echo an expansive set of films and television shows.
Opening with a brightly-lit flashback to the prequel era, this episode reunites us with Anakin before his turn to the dark side: the smiling, devil-may-care Jedi, sparring with Obi-Wan in order to prove himself yet again. For those of us with a deep, abiding love for the prequel era of the Skywalker Saga, that return to Coruscant — really just seeing Hayden Christensen without that bulky armor in the way — stirred something in our hearts. The rest of the episode, flashing between Obi-Wan’s duel with Anakin and his desperate attempts to protect Leia and the others from Reva’s assault, reminds us how much of that prequel-era Anakin (brash, headstrong, focused on victory) remains in present-day Darth Vader.
The action-packed and heartfelt finale, Part VI, is definitely my favorite episode of Obi-Wan Kenobi, says Kristen.
When Obi-Wan Kenobi was first announced, we had no idea that this series would take us on an adventure with Leia and Ben fighting side-by-side against the Empire. The twist that Reva was a youngling almost killed by Vader himself during the atrocities of Order 66 had us reeling! The Grand Inquisitor and the Inquisitorius in live action!
But the final episode is by far my favorite. There’s nothing more satisfying than a fantastic conclusion and Part VI of Obi-Wan Kenobi delivers. It’s the episode that finally relieves the tension and provides a greater emotional context for Star Wars:A New Hope, while also paying tribute to the prequels.
Not only do we get another emotional confrontation with Darth Vader and Ben Kenobi, but it also has the redemption of Reva, Ben reuniting with both of Anakin and Padmé’s kids, Force ghost Qui-Gon, and — maybe my favorite part of all — Aunt Beru defending her homestead without even breaking a sweat. There is so much character development here, I found myself cheering, crying, and aching for each one. Part VI continues the main themes of hope, the importance of friendship, and exemplifies the idea that every character has a choice to be better….
In less than a month, select IMAX ® theaters across North America will play Star Wars: Episode II Attack of the Clones in its largest format ever. This is not just a re-projection of the standard-sized 35-mm film print onto a larger screen; through the revolutionary IMAX DMR ™ process, the movie has been re-mastered and the image enlarged to occupy up to eight stories of screen and the sound enhanced to include 12,000 watts of uncompressed sound.
Imagine the blue-white shafts of laser energy spearing the immense Trade Federation core ship, and suddenly you’re engulfed in a cloud of dust as the fallen vessel strikes the Geonosian surface. Picture twisting and diving through the luminescent skylanes of Coruscant, as panicked commuters soar directly at you. Or imagine a forty-foot tall Yoda, using the Force to draw his lightsaber as he gets ready to square off against Count Dooku.
“The biggest thing when you get get that kind of sound and that size of image on the screen, is that it draws you into it. You’re part of the experience,” says Brian Bonnick, the Vice President of Technology for IMAX Corporation.
Up until the innovation of IMAX DMR technology, there was no way to project a standard-sized live action film to the scale of an IMAX movie and still maintain a quality performance. IMAX theaters were built for 70mm film format; smaller film formats are comprised of a fine grain structure that would be magnified and detract from the underlying picture, creating a soft, unfocused and poor image. IMAX DMR digitally removes the grain and preserves the quality of the image, allowing it to be projected onto IMAX screens.
The majority of Star Wars fans saw Episode II in a 35mm film format. This means that each film frame is 35 millimeters across. The film area is mostly square — a special lens on the projector spreads the image out to its rectangular proportions. If you were to look at a film frame from a reel of Episode II, the characters would look very tall and skinny (the Kaminoans even more so). The image is compressed into the frame and the projector lens decompresses it. On each side of the image, there are four sprocket holes or “perfs” (short for perforations), which the projector uses to tug long lengths of film through its inner mechanisms.
IMAX is a totally different picture. It’s 70 millimeters wide, and the image isn’t compressed. It’s about 10 times larger in area than 35mm film stock. It’s called 15/70mm format for the 15 perforations that run along the top and bottom of the frame. Regular movies spool into a projector vertically; IMAX projectors move film horizontally for reasons explained later on.
To get a movie projected to the IMAX scale requires a lot of image area within the film frame, and a lot of light shining through it. A 35mm film frame just doesn’t have the resolution to hold up to that scale, and a typical 35 mm projector just can’t crank out the kind of light an IMAX’s 15,000-watt xenon bulb can.
So IMAX DMR technology figured out a way to scan a 35mm film frame, enhance it, and enlarge it to 70mm without sacrificing image quality. “IMAX has been working on this innovative technology for the past five years to enhance the theatrical experience, offering movie-goers an all-encompassing experience which literally brings them into the story ,” says Bonnick.
The first feature film to undergo this process is the recently released Apollo 13: The IMAX Experience. The Ron Howard-directed film was shot in Super 35mm. That film was scanned and converted into a digital form at the highest possible resolution.
“We then apply our proprietary software and it mathematically analyzes and extracts the important image elements from each frame from the original grainy structure,” explains Bonnick. “It creates the most pristine form from the original photograph. It’s clearly the most complex step in the whole DMR process.”
The complex software algorithms makes images sharper and improves the contrast on a frame-by-frame basis. Colors are adjusted to the unique technical characteristics of the IMAX screen. If there are any scratches, blotches, or imperfections in the film image — known as artifacts — those are digitally removed by a special patent-pending process. “We clean the whole thing up from front to back end,” says Bonnick.
Once the entire film has been digitized and enhanced, it is then output back to film, but this time in 15/70mm stock. “This conversion from digital back to 15/70mm is accomplished by using our proprietary 15/70 laser film recorder. It was both designed and manufactured by IMAX. It is capable of providing greater dynamic color range than normal scanners on the market and it has capabilities of capturing resolutions up to 8,000 x 6,000.”
For Apollo 13, once the film was digitized, it comprised nearly 200,000 frames of data. “When we were finished the conversion process, we had over seven terabytes of data — that’s 12 zeroes. That’s equivalent to about 13,000 DVDs of data. Episode II is comparable in frame count. There’s a massive amount of information we’re working with,” says Bonnick.
“People tend to get mixed up thinking that DMR is just a piece of software,” he continues. “IMAX DMR is a total process that clearly involves some very complex software algorithms that process image data, but along with that comes the management of that information. You have to have an infrastructure capable of knowing where every frame is in the process to manage this much.”
Digital to IMAX
With Episode II, the DMR process was spared a step in that the image content already existed in a digital state; there would be no film to scan. But starting from an HD-source brought its own technical issues, as the algorithms set in place for handling a 35mm source wouldn’t entirely suffice for the re-mastering of Clones.
“In a digital film, it doesn’t obviously have grain that we’ve come to know in normal photography,” explains Bonnick. “But it does tend to carry ‘video noise’ artifacts. Two noticeable ones would be when pixels appear to be off-color relative to those in the surrounding area. You might get a flicker from frame to frame. Or when tighter clusters of pixels tend to slightly vary in color from frame to frame. That tends to happen in dark areas, and it looks a bit like a boiling effect. Now these are very, very subtle effects; in most cases I’d have to take you into a theater and describe to you what to look for and you would find it. Somebody who is very up on video would really pick these sort of things up; obviously, in our industry that’s part of our job.”
The DMR pipeline was customized to deal with these unique forms of artifacts. “We’ve designed it to be very open-ended. If we come across an artifact that we’ve never dealt with before, we’re in a position to very quickly write a new algorithm and incorporate it into the production engine in a short period of time.”
Though the software examined each and every frame of image, the re-mastering team broke the film down into shots as discreet units of work and focus. An individual shot (a sustained hold from a camera vantage point prior to it cutting to the next “shot”) is fairly uniform in its re-mastering requirements, though if there are specific artifact issues within a shot, the team then redirects their efforts to the more focused scale: individual frames.
The image re-mastering process took about 14 weeks of work, and was finished by the end of September 2002. “The process is scalable,” says Bonnick. “At the moment, we’ve got dozens and dozens of computers in our render farm. It’s all a factor of how many frames per day you want to process. If you want to process more frames per day in a given timeline under a tighter deadline, then you would scale up the numbers of computers in your system to give you greater throughput capacity.”
The IMAX Experience™ is more than just big picture. It also delivers six-channel uncompressed multi-speaker sound that further completes the audience’s total immersion into Episode II. “We use six completely discreet channels plus subwoofers on their own separate channels. We use ultra-low distortion amplifiers, capable of delivering up to 12,000 watts of power. We employ our own custom-designed speaker-set with over 44 speakers,” explains Bonnick. That sound system is carefully aligned by lasers to deliver proportional point source (PPS) quality.
“The non-technical definition of a PPS speaker is that we have designed it such that, rather than having the dead-center seat in the theater being the ‘sweet spot,’ these speakers are designed to enlarge the sweet spot quite a bit so that everybody in the theater is sitting in a good position to hear the sound as it was originally intended,” explains Bonnick.
The IMAX sound system will not only deliver huge events like the shattering of asteroids or the crash of a core ship, but also soft sounds like the distant birds of Naboo or the hum of background cloning machinery with crystal clarity. “The IMAX sound system has been designed with a very high dynamic range, unlike 35mm theaters. There, when you start to get anything with depth or volume to it, you tend to hear a lot of distortion.”
Those fortunate enough to have caught the original digital exhibition of Episode II in the spring are probably digital-converts, fully aware of the limitations of traditional film. IMAX film is a whole different set of variables, since the quality-assurance and technical advancements in projecting films of this size help overcome many of the limitations of 35mm exhibition.
“IMAX film lasts substantially longer than 35 mm film, because we use the rolling loop technology in our projectors,” explains Bonnick “The film is moved around the lens aperture in a wave motion. We’re not moving it constantly through sprockets that over time wear the film out and enlarge the perforations, which is when you start getting a jiggle in the film. Because of this fluid motion that the IMAX film goes through, we are being very gentle to it, ergo it lasts longer.”
An IMAX projector has a steadiness of .004 percentage change from frame-to-frame. A traditional 35mm film has a .12 steadiness in comparison. Even the heat of the projection bulb will cause a 35mm film to buckle, something that can’t happen in an IMAX projector thanks to a field flattener that holds the film steady and true.
Furthermore, the smaller number of IMAX screens makes quality assurance easier to manage. “The systems are constantly being tuned to ensure the films are running properly, that the steadiness is accurate, and the light intensity and distribution of it are all set adequately, that the screens are clean, that everything is at optimum performance levels.”
An IMAX projector is an immense machine, weighing in at over two tons. The huge platter that spins the oversized film has an upper limit of film length. Most films that play in IMAX theaters are documentaries that don’t clock in much over an hour in length. Feature films have to be cut to 120 minutes since that is the current maximum the platter can sustain. For number-minded trivia fans, the Episode II IMAX print is 58 inches in diameter and weighs 390 pounds! “It’s the limit now,” explains Bonnick. “We are actively developing a 150-minute solution that would be employed as an upgrade to the theaters in the future.”
The old actor’s maxim speaks of there being no small parts, and that is very true for Star Wars. The visual tapestry is so dense with meticulously planned detail that even the most briefly glimpsed characters develop a following. Fans venerate characters like IG-88, Snaggletooth, and Aurra Sing even though they don’t have a word of dialogue, or even a full minute of screen time. Their designs are so intriguing that they demand extra attention. Sometimes, this is supplemented through licensed products, like action figures or spin-off fiction, which allow collectors and readers to learn more about said characters.
With Aayla Secura, the process had an interesting twist. She was already an existing heroine, with a built-in audience of comic book readers who understood her origins before she ever made it onto the screen. After seeing artist Jon Foster’s original cover art for issue #33 of the ongoing Star Wars series, Writer/Director George Lucas saw star potential. Aayla Secura, a blue-skinned Padawan, embodied Jedi strength and Twi’lek femininity in an eye-catching combination of beauty and power. It was the perfect ingredient for the action sequence recipe Lucas and Industrial Light & Magic were constructing, layer-by-layer.
Episode II was well into post-production when the decision to add Aayla was made, so the casting and costuming of this particular Jedi happened mostly at ILM. Stepping into Aayla’s droid-kicking boots was Amy Allen, a Production Assistant working at ILM. It was a fortuitous delay in an unrelated film that saw her entrance into Episode II. “I got to do a lot of hands-on work and really get involved with all the shows that were going on at the time,” recounts Allen. “This included A.I., Jurassic Park III, Pearl Harbor, and all the really big shows. I was on Gangs of New York for quite a long time and then it went on hiatus because the movie release date was postponed. That’s how I ended up working on a stage unit for Star Wars, which was a blessing in disguise.”
A graduate from San Francisco State University, Allen studied film and sought work in the Bay Area, landing a job at Industrial Light & Magic. Though her work was primarily behind-the-scenes, her role as Aayla was actually not the first blue Twi’lek Allen performed. “I had been a Twi’lek for the Episode I DVD,” she says. In a modification to The Phantom Menace for the DVD release, Senator Orn Free Taa’s formerly human-filled Senate pod was instead populated with Twi’leks. “George [Lucas] decided, last minute, to replace that shot. So, I was actually a blue Twi’lek probably two months after I started at ILM.”
Allen underwent makeup and a headdress fitting, and was dressed in a Senatorial aide gown designed for Episode II. She was shot against greenscreen, supervised by John Knoll, one of the Visual Effects Supervisors for both Episodes I and II. “I was interested in being in front of the camera, but it’s nothing that I actively pursued,” she admits. “But when an opportunity arises, one must take it!” Little did she expect what was to come.
Building an “Oola Jedi”
When word came down that Lucas wanted Aayla Secura in the arena, it fell to Costume Supervisor Gillian Libbert to determine how best to turn a character of pencil and ink into flesh and blood. “This is a comic book character, which doesn’t have a realistic proportion to the human body,” says Libbert. “That was our first challange.” The Aayla Secura character, as illustrated by artist Jan Duursema, is more dynamically heroic than a typical human extra. Libbert had to determine how much, if any, of that cut, muscular form to emulate in the costume. “Getting the character to look like what George wanted was our primary goal” says Libbert. “He answered a few questions we had related to the character’s body image, but it ended up that he wanted the costume to look like the comic book character and the body to be human-like.”
Libbert began gathering fabrics and materials to construct the outfit for Aayla, who at the time was often just referred to as the “Oola Jedi.” By the time of Episode II, Secura was a full-fledged Jedi Knight, but she definitely doesn’t dress like the other more conservative keepers of peace and justice. Secura’s brief wardrobe shows a fair bit of blue skin, but that didn’t make Libbert’s fabric-gathering job any easier. “What was helpful was since I was in Sydney [during principal photography], I had an idea of what fabrics were available and not used for any other character. There were a lot of incredible fabrics purchased from around the world to choose from.”
Libbert and her crew had a scant two weeks to make an outfit and dress Aayla for Lucas’ approval. Delving into storage, she uncovered several Twi’lek headdresses from Episode I and the Special Edition Trilogy. Pouring through eight huge costume crates of fabric, she collected materials to present. “I brought many different types of fabrics, leathers and trims for George to pick from. He picked the color of the headdress first and then we began dying fabric.”
Throughout the process, Libbert was on the phone to Scotland, keeping in touch with the Episode II Costume Designer, Trisha Biggar. “I would call Trish to get her advice and throughout the construction of the costume, I would send her fabric swatches and photos as the design progressed.”
As the outfit came together, Allen would come in and be fitted. Libbert and her crew would snap pictures of the developing Jedi. This was before Allen was painted the proper shade of blue, so those pictures were sent off to the ILM Art Department to digitally color Allen’s skin, to present Lucas the whole ensemble in context.
“George liked the overall look. We had to change the headdress a couple of times because he wanted a different style. He was very specific in what he wanted, down to the detailing on leather pieces and the way the leather trim was wrapped around the tentacles or lekku. ” explains Libbert.
Assisted by lead seamstress Barbara Hartman-Jenichen and leather craftsman Alan Peterson, Libbert supervised the costume’s development. The final piece-list consisted of the following items:
1 x boots w/ covers
1 x belt w/ tabs
1 x trousers
1 x leather vest
1 x top w/ bra
Trivia hounds take note — even extra scraps of Jar Jar’s leather tunic found its way into Aayla’s outfit.
The fitting of the costume was quick compared to a four-hour paint job that Allen had to endure. Lauren Vogt, from the ILM Model Shop, handled Allen’s makeup, applying the blue hue thick enough to cover Allen’s own tattoos. “She’d done the makeup the first time I had done the Twi’lek for the DVD, so she got all the little details like painting my nails and everything,” notes Allen.
Hot Lights & Cover Stories
Another performer’s maxim has to do with never letting the audience see you sweat, but in the case of the painted Allen, swinging a lightsaber under the hot lights of visual effects photography didn’t leave her much choice.
“Since I’m embracing this character so much I decided not to wear deodorant because I think that affects the way the paint is on your body,” Allen recalls. “I just stayed away from any kind of perfume, lotion, or deodorant to help Lauren keep the blue paint on. Gillian was just tweaking the costume a little bit. She had gotten real close to me and she said, ‘Well, Ames, you stink!’ Which was pretty funny, but thank God I’m close to Gillian. She can tell me things like that,” laughs Allen. “Oh yeah, I was stinky.”
The hot lights and tight schedule kept Allen active for four days of shooting. Under the direction of George Lucas and John Knoll, she combated imaginary droid and alien villains, led non-existent clone troopers into the thick of a pretend battle, and wandered the corridors of an unseen Jedi Temple.
“It went really well,” says Allen. “I had no training learning how to use the lightsaber, so I just went in and I was completely winging it.” She proved to be a natural, though the two-week rush in developing Aayla so late in post-production meant the character didn’t have her own unique weapon. “There were some extra lightsabers that were made in Sydney, so we used one of those and even used Ki-Adi-Mundi’s at one point” recalls Libbert.
In December of 2001, when starwars.com posted news of Aayla’s upcoming appearance in Episode II, there was a fair amount of bet-hedging in the announcement. “Since the film is still being edited, it’s impossible to know what — if any — her end screen-time will be,” the story read. Since that time, Aayla ended up in over half-a-dozen shots, from the Geonosian arena, to the Clone War battle, to the Jedi Temple.
Since Allen worked at ILM during the thick of post-production, she didn’t have to wait long to discover her recurring cameos in Episode II. “I kept hearing about it after dailies because everyone would make fun of me,” she laughs. “They would send me an e-mail and say, ‘oh my God, we saw you again, we saw you again.’ It started becoming a joke amongst a lot of friends here, which is good because you become close with people when you work with them so much.”
Seeing her face projected on the screen was just the start. As Episode II news began appearing everywhere, Allen got quite the surprise when she found out Time magazine had run her picture in the Yoda cover-story issue.
“At ILM, I sat with two girls, Jeanie King and Christy Castallano, and they were just freaking out when I walked into the office,” says Allen. “They said, ‘Okay, you are not going to believe this.’ At first, we thought it was just on [Time’s] website, but then I checked my messages and it was someone from the Ranch telling me that I’d better go out and get to the closest newsstand because they’re flying off the racks. That’s when I thought — wait, wait, wait. It’s in the hardcopy of Time? I went completely ballistic!”
From national magazines, to additional comic book appearances, to an upcoming action figure, Aayla’s exposure continued to grow. Allen found herself invited to Celebration II, the largest Star Wars convention ever held. She appeared on a panel entitled “Women Who Kick,” alongside such female Star Wars models and actresses as Femi Taylor (Oola), Nalini Krishan (Barriss Offee), Mary Oyaya (Luminara Unduli), Michonne Bourriague (Aurra Sing) and Shannon Baksa (Mara Jade).
“I had no idea what to expect,” admits Allen. “I wasn’t sure how well I would be accepted yet, or how many people would know me. But people do their homework. I met more women who were so excited about it. Women and young girls that were really excited that there was a female character and that she was a Jedi.”
Allen also got to meet Aayla’s co-creator, Jan Duursema, at the convention. “We hugged each other right away, and it was like an instant bond that we had,” she says. “I thanked her and told her the whole story how this had happened and she was really excited about it.” It was sort of a meeting of creators at Celebration, as Allen’s parents also met Duursema. “They really liked her and Jan is sending them some original drawings of Aayla as a keepsake. I know my mom will frame it and put it up in the house.”
Still young, Allen considers her stint as Aayla Secura as a stepping-stone to larger things. She plans on attending more conventions, and meeting face-to-face with Star Wars fans, but she is already very appreciative of all that’s transpired. “I’ve made some friends. I keep in touch with Nalini and Michonne at least a few times a week. That was something that was really cool that came out of this — meeting these women and getting to share this experience with them,” she says.
“It’s been surreal, definitely surreal,” concludes Allen. “It’s unbelievable. I would have never in my wildest dreams have imagined that something like this would have happened.”
Winning numerous awards for its presentation of its feature film, and the quality of its extras, the Episode I DVD set a precedent for what the Star Wars DVD experience should be. The same team that developed that two-disc set returns to bring Star Wars: Episode II Attack of the Clones to DVD.
Unlike Episode I, the Episode II DVD arrives only six months after its theatrical release, hitting stores on November 12. The lessons learned in making The Phantom Menace DVD helped prepare the team for what was to come.
“A DVD takes about a year-and-a-half or so to produce,” says Jim Ward, Lucasfilm’s Vice President of Marketing and Executive Producer, who led the DVD project. “As early as 2000, when we were shooting principal photography in Sydney, we were already trying to figure out what the configuration of the DVD would be.”
While Director George Lucas and Producer Rick McCallum were busily shooting Episode II, Lucasfilm’s Marketing Department was developing the Episode I DVD, and also earmarking content and areas to explore for the Clones DVD. “The Episode I disc gave us a really good benchmark. We had a very good blueprint so that we could multi-task everything and get it done,” says Ward.
“My contribution to the DVD is the movie itself,” says George Lucas. “Because Episode II was shot with a digital camera and created digitally, you can almost say it was made for the DVD format.”
Attack of the Clones will be the first major live action feature mastered direct from the digital source. Because the image stays within the digital medium from start to finish, the feature itself has unprecedented clarity. Lucas credits THX, under the leadership of Rick Dean, Head of Special Projects, for assuring the quality of the transfer.
“They did a phenomenal job making sure that there was no loss of definition to the digital images that were so full of motion and detail,” says Lucas. “Their expertise in image and sound replication preserved the creative work that so many artists and sound designers had put into making this movie.”
“We spent millions carefully developing and mixing the soundtrack and creating infinitely detailed visuals, and it breaks my heart that many theaters out there aren’t equipped to show it the way we intended,” laments Rick McCallum. “But with home theaters now fully digital and getting better and better every year, DVD is now a real safe haven for people who really love films and want to see it as the creators intended.”
While the DVD format is known for its enormous storage capacity, it comes at a price that must be carefully balanced in the mastering process. The more material packed onto a single disc, the poorer the quality for all of it. As a result, Disc One optimizes the presentation of the feature by keeping such extras as deleted scenes and documentaries on Disc Two.
“It’s always a challenge. We sit down and understand what the bit-rate budget is,” explains Ward. “Our first and foremost priority is to make sure the bit rate budget for the film is the highest it can possibly be. Other people will take a lower bit rate on the film in order to cram some other content in there.”
Like the Episode I disc, Episode II uses the fantastic environments of the Star Wars galaxy to deliver the menu information and navigation options. Producer Van Ling worked with digital resources direct from Industrial Light & Magic to create worlds to explore. Each time Disc One is inserted into a DVD player, one of three planetary themes is randomly selected for the menu interface. Viewers may find themselves inspecting the clone hatcheries of Kamino, the towering skyscrapers of Coruscant, or the treacherous conveyer belts of the Geonosian droid factory to select their viewing options.
The movie is divided into 50 chapters, which makes homing into a favorite scene easy. Sound options on domestic discs include an English 5.1 Surround EX track, delivering audio experiences such as the reverberating twang of seismic charges, the wailing howl of Zam Wesell’s speeder, or the layered chaos of the Clone War in THX-certified clarity and balance. Spanish and French-dubbed Dolby 2.0 audio are available on separate tracks.
The second English audio setting is a commentary track assembled by Gary Leva, the same editor who put together Episode I’s commentary. The Clones track features Lucas, McCallum, Editor Ben Burtt, Animation Director Rob Coleman, and Visual Effects Supervisors John Knoll, Ben Snow and Pablo Helman. “We take it for granted that these guys are inventing the process every step of the way,” says Ward. “Everyone else follows their lead when they’re finished, but these guys are the ones that are inventing it. I think it’s wonderful to allow people to understand and learn more about the process through such commentaries.”
Star Wars fans fortunate enough to have seen Episode II in a digital theater will be happy to know that the D-cinema version of the movie — which differed from the standard film print version — formed the basis of the DVD master. “The digital version of the film is on this DVD, but there are also some additional, minor changes. You’re going to have to figure those out for yourself,” says Ward.
Disc Two: The Extras
“Obviously, the movie itself should be the driving force, and the reproduction of the movie’s sound and picture quality should be exactly as the filmmaker originally created it. The opportunity to include ‘extras’ is just one of the added benefits that the DVD format allows,” says Lucas. Disc Two of the DVD set is a trove of extras, called “value-added material” in the business.
Van Ling has again transformed the Episode II locales into menu screens, turning the Jedi Archives, the Coruscant nightclub, the Naboo spaceport docking piers, Dex’s Diner and elsewhere into areas of navigation for Disc Two. As with Episode I, the supplemental material delivers a mix of informative and entertaining goods that illuminate the filmmaking process from start to finish.
“We have a working mandate when we make these DVDs to include value-added material that people actually want to watch, and to leave out games, and make-your-own-scenes and other gimmicks. We’re not about that,” explains Ward.
A long-form documentary, “From Puppets to Pixels: Digital Characters in Episode II,” tracks the trailblazing journey that ILM’s talented artists had to undergo in creating computer-generated co-stars. “That’s where the news was in the making of this particular film, so that’s where our cameras went,” says Ward.
Hundreds of hours of documentary footage shot by Lucasfilm’s documentary group were viewed and distilled into the 52-minute piece, crafted by Jon Shenk in a “fly-on-wall” narrator-less style. Several stories are tracked from beginning to end, the centerpiece being the development of a digital Yoda. It starts with Rob Coleman and his crew working on early proof-of-concept tests of the new Yoda, then follows what was shot on-set, and covers the broad strokes and subtle details of the finished animation — including the most deceptively difficult shot the animators dubbed “The Widowmaker.”
The film also examines the making of CG supporting cast members Dexter Jettster and Taun We, from clay maquette to finished, living form. Rare behind-the-scenes footage shows the interaction that actors Ron Falk and Rena Owen provide before their digital alter egos are inserted into the scene.
Also documented is the perfection of digital doubles, computer-generated stuntmen used for Obi-Wan Kenobi, Jango Fett and Count Dooku during some of Episode II’s most dynamic action sequences. A team of artists worked on the simulated physics of computer-generated clothes and hair to deliver convincing doppelgangers of the human form.
Lucas isn’t worried about disrupting the illusion that so many artists have worked carefully to craft. He instead sees these documentaries as important educational tools. “The visual effects artists at ILM and sound design teams at Skywalker Sound are not magicians giving away their secrets,” he explains. “They are artists sharing their expertise and passion for filmmaking.”
A second documentary, “State of the Art: The Previsualization of Episode II” shines a spotlight on the Animatics Department. Pre-Visualization Effects Supervisor Dan Gregoire and his crew developed remarkably sophisticated low-resolution computer-animated versions of scenes to plan and refine them in a quick and efficient manner.
The Speeder Chase, the Droid Factory, and the Clone War are covered in the 23-minute documentary, complete with examples of the sparse, bluescreen-filled plate photography, and the Art Department’s concept paintings and animatics that fleshed them out. The Clone War sequence in particular has several concepts and shots that never got past the animatics stage in the documentary.
In “Films are Not Released: They Escape,” the documentary cameras follow Sound Designer Ben Burtt and his crew in the capturing, building, and layering of Episode II’s sound universe. Everything from the drone of a Jedi starfighter engine, to the percussive machinery of the droid factory, to the soft smooches of forbidden kisses for the finished picture is covered. “It takes teams of sound recordists, sound designers, foley artists, effects editors and even alien language creators working together in blending all the sound elements to create the final sound mix,” says Lucas of the 25-minute documentary.
These three documentaries are joined by three featurettes (“Story,” “Love” and “Action”) and all 12 parts of the Making Episode II web documentaries, offering valuable educational material to aspiring filmmakers. “If you’re a kid, and you want to be in the movie business, but you’re in a state that has no film school, and you have no concept of what’s involved, it’s very hard to demystify the process,” says McCallum. “I want people who don’t have the ability to enter the system to be able to see how it’s done, so they can understand. This DVD offers that opportunity.”
Further illuminating the filmmaking process is a collection of eight scenes deleted from the final cut of Episode II. Optional introductions by Lucas, McCallum and Burtt explain why the scenes were cut. The original plate photography for these scenes were filled with areas of bluescreen, and ILM was busily delivering the 2,000 shots that would make it into the film. For these scenes, the digital environments and elements were crafted by the Animatics Department at Skywalker Ranch, led by Pre-Visualization Supervisor Dan Gregoire.
The DVD also collects a lot of the marketing material that went into telling the world about Attack of the Clones. Fans may have recorded some of these off television, or seen them here at starwars.com, but the DVD presents this video in the highest possible quality: the Across the Stars music video, the character- and story-based television commercials, and the theatrical teaser and launch trailers. The “Mystery” trailer, which only played online, now gets its largest incarnation through the DVD.
There’s more of course (never-before-seen photos, an ILM effects reel, R2-D2: Beneath the Dome trailer, a few carefully stashed “Easter eggs”) — even after finally viewing every last shred of content, the DVD will continue to be a gateway to further Episode II material in the months to come through a web-link to dvd.starwars.com.
Ten years after the invasion of Naboo, the galaxy is on the brink of civil war. Under the leadership of a renegade Jedi named Count Dooku, thousands of solar systems threaten to break away from the Galactic Republic. When an assassination attempt is made on Senator Padmé Amidala, the former Queen of Naboo, twenty-year-old Jedi apprentice Anakin Skywalker is assigned to protect her. In the course of his mission, Anakin discovers his love for Padmé as well as his own darker side. Soon, Anakin, Padmé, and Obi-Wan Kenobi are drawn into the heart of the Separatist movement and the beginning of the Clone Wars.